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''The Roots of Coincidence'' is a 1972 book by Arthur Koestler, an introduction to theories of parapsychology, including extrasensory perception and psychokinesis. Koestler postulates links between modern physics, their interaction with time and paranormal phenomena. It is influenced by Carl Jung's concept of synchronicity and the seriality of Paul Kammerer.〔Marks, David. (2000). ''The Psychology of the Psychic'' (2nd Edition). Prometheus Books. pp. 227- 246. ISBN 1-57392-798-8〕 The psychologist David Marks criticized the book for endorsing pseudoscience. Marks noted that Koestler uncritically accepted ESP experiments and ignored evidence that did not fit his hypothesis. Marks coined the term "Koestler's Fallacy" as the assumption that odd matches of random events cannot arise by chance. Marks illustrates the fact that such odd matches do regularly occur with examples from his own experience.〔 John Beloff gave the book a mixed-review, describing it as "a typical Koestlerian performance" but noted that some of his claims about psychical research were inaccurate.〔Beloff, John. (1972). ("Koestler on the Paranormal" ). New Scientist. 10 February. pp. 344-245.〕 == Appearance in popular culture == In Volume 7 of Alan Moore–David Lloyd's ''V for Vendetta'', Inspector Finch is seen reading ''The Roots of Coincidence''. Koestler is referenced several times in the work, and in the movie novelization by Steve Moore. Koestler's ideas had previously made their way into the Dr. Manhattan issues of Moore's and Dave Gibbons' ''Watchmen''. The musician Sting was an avid reader of Koestler. Sting named The Police's final studio album ''Synchronicity'' as a reference to ''The Roots of Coincidence''. Sting had named The Police's previous album, ''Ghost in the Machine'', after another of Koestler's books. "The Roots of Coincidence" is also the name of a Grammy Award-winning song by Pat Metheny Group, featured on their 1997 album ''Imaginary Day''. It also played a significant role in Episode 4 (Entangled) of Series X of ''Red Dwarf'', to explain the cause of apparent coincidences. The Picador paperback edition is integral to furthering the plot of this episode. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Roots of Coincidence」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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